Cyber Security Risks in Smart Buildings (And How to Secure Building Networks)

Building Technology

Modern apartment buildings and commercial properties rely on a growing number of connected systems. CCTV cameras, lift monitoring systems, intercom platforms, access control systems and building management platforms are now commonly connected to the internet.

While these technologies improve convenience and automation, they also introduce cyber security risks if networks are not properly designed and managed.

This guide explains common cyber security risks in modern buildings and how building managers and strata committees can protect critical building systems.


Why Building Technology Networks Are Vulnerable

Many building systems were originally designed to operate on isolated networks. As these systems become connected to the internet for remote management and monitoring, security risks increase.

Common building systems connected to networks include:

  • CCTV security cameras
  • Access control systems
  • intercom systems
  • lift monitoring systems
  • building management systems (BMS)
  • smart lighting systems
  • energy monitoring platforms

If these systems are connected without proper network design, they may expose the entire building network to cyber threats.


Common Cyber Security Problems in Buildings

Many strata buildings and commercial properties share similar security weaknesses.

No Network Segmentation

Many buildings connect all devices to the same network.

This means systems such as:

  • CCTV cameras
  • access control controllers
  • building Wi-Fi
  • management computers

are all connected together.

If one device is compromised, attackers may gain access to other systems on the network.


Insecure Remote Access

Some building systems allow remote access using port forwarding on the internet router.

This exposes devices directly to the internet and can allow attackers to access systems if security settings are weak.

Secure remote access should instead use controlled methods such as VPN connections.


Outdated Firmware

Security cameras, intercoms and building controllers often run outdated firmware.

These devices may contain vulnerabilities that attackers can exploit.

Regular updates are essential to keep systems secure.


Unsupported Operating Systems

Many building management computers still run older operating systems that are no longer supported.

For example, the end of support for Windows 10 will require many systems to be upgraded or replaced.

Unsupported systems no longer receive security updates, making them more vulnerable to attack.


Unsecured IoT Devices

Internet-connected devices used in buildings often ship with weak default passwords or insecure configurations.

Without proper configuration and monitoring, these devices may be accessible from the internet.


Best Practices for Securing Building Networks

Modern building networks should be designed with security in mind.

Network Segmentation (VLANs)

One of the most effective security strategies is network segmentation.

Different building systems should operate on separate networks.

For example:

Management Network
CCTV Network
Access Control Network
Resident Wi-Fi Network
Building Systems Network

Using VLANs prevents devices from communicating directly with each other unless required.


Business-Grade Firewalls

A professional firewall helps control which devices can access the internet and which services are exposed.

Firewalls provide:

  • intrusion prevention
  • traffic filtering
  • remote access control
  • threat monitoring

This protects building infrastructure from external threats.


Secure Remote Access

Building systems often require remote access for maintenance.

Instead of exposing devices to the internet, remote access should use:

  • secure VPN connections
  • access authentication
  • logging and monitoring

This reduces the risk of unauthorised access.


Managed Network Infrastructure

Using professionally managed networking equipment allows building managers to monitor and control the entire network.

Managed infrastructure can provide:

  • device monitoring
  • security alerts
  • network performance tracking
  • remote diagnostics

This ensures issues are detected quickly.


Regular Security Updates

All connected devices should receive regular firmware and software updates.

This includes:

  • routers and firewalls
  • CCTV cameras
  • intercom systems
  • access control controllers
  • management computers

Updating systems reduces the risk of security vulnerabilities.


Why Cyber Security Matters for Strata Buildings

Cyber security incidents can impact building operations in several ways.

Potential risks include:

  • unauthorised access to security cameras
  • disruption of building access systems
  • exposure of resident information
  • loss of building monitoring capability
  • network outages affecting building operations

Protecting building networks helps maintain security and operational continuity.


Modern Building Network Design

New apartment developments increasingly deploy structured network infrastructure to support building technology systems.

Modern building networks often include:

  • fibre internet connections
  • managed network switches
  • enterprise firewalls
  • network segmentation
  • secure remote management

These technologies help ensure building systems operate securely and reliably.


Summary

As buildings adopt more connected technologies, cyber security becomes an important part of building management.

Poor network design, insecure remote access and outdated devices can expose building systems to cyber risks.

Implementing secure network architecture, managed infrastructure and strong access controls can significantly reduce these risks and protect critical building systems.

For strata buildings and commercial properties, investing in secure network infrastructure helps protect both residents and building operations.